There was a
research organization, ARPA (Advanced Research Project Agency), in the DoD
(Department of Defense), where mainframe computers were there. But the
computers were stand-alone (not connected to the network). So, ARPA has decided
to create a network between the systems (computers).
A mainframe (also known as "Big Iron") is a large and powerful computer that does large information-processing jobs and is used as a server. They are used by large organizations and government institutions for tasks such as banking, census, health care, retail, and also academic and research.
Before the Internet, there was
a major issue on this planet. There are various universities where professors
and scientists are conducting studies on a variety of themes. They had no idea
which professor was conducting a study at another university on which topic.
They also don't know about the professor's previous failures. They won't know
until a professor finishes the research paper and publishes it in a journal.
Furthermore, the newspaper made no mention of the research area.
Researchers from two
universities that are geographically separated cannot contribute to a study
paper until they meet for evening tea to discuss the research. In the
past, bars and restaurants had separate lounges where only scientists and
professors would gather. There was no permission to let a regular person enter.
According to others, the Internet was invented for military purposes and later expanded to allow scientists to communicate with one another.
In 1969, ARPA created ARPANET,
connecting four nodes.
- The University of California at Los Angeles
- The University of California at Santa Barbara
- The Stanford Research Institute
- The University of Utah
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